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ARNOLD HARBERGER: Milton's presence probably helped to stiffen the spine of people who were trying to insist on better economic policies。 That's the period when the takeoff of the Chilean economy really began and major reforms were made。
阿諾德。哈勃(Arnold Harberger):米爾頓的到來的確使那些堅決要求更好的經濟政策的人們腰桿子挺了起來,正是在這一時期,智利經濟真正開始好轉了,許多重大改革相繼出臺。
NARRATOR: In Santiago; the junta called on the Chicago Boys to rescue the economy。 Five hundred state…owned businesses were privatized。 Government budgets were cut。 Import tariffs were swept away。 The markets were given free rein。
旁白:在聖地亞哥,軍政府號召芝加哥男孩來拯救經濟。於是,他們對500家國有企業實現了私有化,政府預算被大量削減,進口關稅被取消了,市場又恢復了自由。
SERGIO DE CASTRO: The basic thrust was to increase exports and abolish artificial price controls。
塞爾吉奧。卡斯特羅(Sergio De Castro):基本的措施是要增加出口,並拋棄人為的價格控制。
MILTON FRIEDMAN: Here was the first case in which you had a movement toward munism which was replaced by a movement toward free markets。
米爾頓。弗裡德曼(Milton Friedman):這是第一個共產主義運動被自由市場運動所取代的例項。
NARRATOR: There was much pain for the poorest。 The cost of living went through the roof。 The gap between rich and poor got wider; and stayed that way。
旁白:最貧困的人承受了深重的痛苦,生活成本與日俱增,貧富差距日益擴大,並且還在繼續擴大。
ALEJANDRO FOXLEY; Finance Minister; Chile; 1990…1994: They were starting a very big process of transformation of the economy without any regard of what happened to people。 And we ended up at one point in time with 30 percent unemployment rate。
智利財政部長(1990…1994)阿里加多。弗克利(Alejandro Foxley):一個非常巨大的經濟轉型工作程序開始了,而完全沒有考慮到對百姓的影響,結果,我們在某個時候失業率曾經達到了30%。
NARRATOR: According to the Chicago Boys; the gain was worth the pain。 Chile became the fastest growing economy in Latin America。
旁白:芝加哥男孩們認為,這樣做收益是大於痛苦的,是值得的。智利成為了拉丁美洲經濟增長速度最快的國家。
ALEJ
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