第3部分(第6/7 頁)

Contact　teams　meeting　an　Unknown　Life　Form　（ULF）　must　be　prepared　for　severe　psychological　impact。　Extreme　anxiety　responses　will　almost　certainly　occur。　The　personality　traits　of　individuals　who　can　withstand　extreme　anxiety　must　be　determined；　and　such　individuals　selected　to　prise　the　team。

Anxiety　when　confronted　by　unknown　life　has　not　been　sufficiently　appreciated。　The　fears　unleashed　by　contact　with　a　new　life　form　are　not　understood　and　cannot　be　entirely　predicted　in　advance。　But　the　most　likely　consequence　of　contact　is　absolute　terror。〃

Barnes　snapped　the　folder　shut。　〃You　remember　who　said　that？〃

〃Yes；〃　Norman　said。　〃I　do。〃

And　he　remembered　why　he　had　said　it。

As　part　of　the　NSC　grant；　Norman　had　conducted　studies　of　group　dynamics　in　contexts　of　psychosocial　anxiety。　Following　the　procedures　of　Asch　and　Milgram；　he　constructed　several　environments　in　which　subjects　did　not　know　they　were　being　tested。　In　one　case；　a　group　of　subjects　were　told　to　take　an　elevator　to　another　floor　to　participate　in　a　test。　The　elevator　jammed　between　floors。　＇＇19＇＇　Subjects　were　then　observed　by　hidden　video　camera。

There　were　several　variations　to　this。　Sometimes　the　elevator　was　marked　〃Under　Repair〃；　sometimes　there　was　telephone　munication　with　the　〃repairman；〃　sometimes　not；　sometimes　the　ceiling　fell　in；　and　the　lights　went　out；　and　sometimes　the　floor　of　the　elevator　was　constructed　of　clear　lucite。

In　another　case；　subjects　were　loaded　into　a　van　and　driven　out　into　the　desert　by　an　〃experiment　leader〃　who　ran　out　of　gas；　and　then　suffered　a　〃heart　attack；〃　thus　stranding　the　subjects。

In　the　most　severe　version；　subjects　were　taken　up　in　a　private　plane；　and　the　pilot　suffered　a　〃heart　attack〃　in　mid…air。　Desp