第15部分(第2/7 頁)

　Englishman　desires；　above　all；　to　live　largely；　on　that　account　he　not　only　dreads；　but　hates　and　despises；　poverty。　His　virtues　are　those　of　the　free…handed　and　warm…hearted　opulent　man；　his　weaknesses　e　of　the　sense　of　inferiority　（intensely　painful　and　humiliating）　which　attaches　in　his　mind　to　one　who　cannot　spend　and　give；　his　vices；　for　the　most　part；　originate　in　loss　of　self…respect　due　to　loss　of　secure　position。

XXII

For　a　nation　of　this　temper；　the　movement　towards　democracy　is　fraught　with　peculiar　dangers。　Profoundly　aristocratic　in　his　sympathies；　the　Englishman　has　always　seen　in　the　patrician　class　not　merely　a　social；　but　a　moral；　superiority；　the　man　of　blue　blood　was　to　him　a　living　representative　of　those　potencies　and　virtues　which　made　his　ideal　of　the　worthy　life。　Very　significant　is　the　cordial　alliance　from　old　time　between　nobles　and　people；　free；　proud　homage　on　one　side　answering　to　gallant　championship　on　the　other；　both　classes　working　together　in　the　cause　of　liberty。　However　great　the　sacrifices　of　the　mon　folk　for　the　maintenance　of　aristocratic　power　and　splendour；　they　were　gladly　made；　this　was　the　Englishman's　religion；　his　inborn　pietas；　in　the　depths　of　the　dullest　soul　moved　a　perception　of　the　ethic　meaning　attached　to　lordship。　Your　Lord　was　the　privileged　being　endowed　by　descent　with　generous　instincts；　and　possessed　of　means　to　show　them　forth　in　act。　A　poor　noble　was　a　contradiction　in　terms；　if　such　a　person　existed；　he　could　only　be　spoken　of　with　wondering　sadness；　as　though　he　were　the　victim　of　some　freak　of　nature。　The　Lord　was　Honourable；　Right　Honourable；　his　acts；　his　words　virtually　constituted　the　code　of　honour　whereby　the　nation　lived。

In　a　new　world；　beyond　the　ocean；　there　grew　up　a　new　r