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maybe　by　the　sultan’s　favorite　in　the　harem—and　that　they　were　legendary　for

a time！ I’m also convinced that for this very reason all the mediocre

miniaturists； muttering enviously to themselves； imitated this horse and

multiplied its image。 In this fashion； the wonderful horse with its nostrils

gradually　became　a　model　of　form　ingrained　in　the　minds　of　the　artists　in　that

workshop。　Years　later；　after　their　rulers　were　defeated　in　battle；　these　painters；

like　somber　women　headed　to　other　harems；　found　new　shahs　and　princes　to

work　for　in　new　countries；　and　carried　with　them；　stowed　in　their　memories；

the　image　of　horses　whose　nostrils　were　elegantly　cut　open。　Perhaps　under　the

influence of different styles and different masters in different workshops；

many of the artists never made use of and eventually forgot this unusual

image which noheless remained preserved in a corner of their minds。

Others； however； in the new workshops they joined； not only drew elegant

clipped…nosed　horses；　they　also　taught　their　pretty　apprentices　to　do　the　same

with　the　encouragement　that　”this　is　how　the　old　masters　used　to　do　it。“　So

then；　in　this　manner；　even　after　the　Mongols　and　their　hardy　horses　retreated

from the lands of the Persians and Arabs； even centuries after new lives had

begun　in　ravaged　and　burned　cities；　some　painters　continued　drawing　horses

this way； believing it was a standard form。 I’m also sure that others still；

pletely　unaongol　cavalry　and　the　clipped　noses

of　their　steeds；　draw　horses　the　way　we　do　in　our　workshop；　insisting　th