第8部分(第4/5 頁)

01；　he　was　John　M。　Olin　Visiting　Professor　in　American　Government　at　Nuffield　College；　Oxford。　His　research　concerns　；　：　Party　Loyalty　Among　Congressmen；　Congress：　The　Electoral　Connection；　Congressional　Elections：　The　Case　of　the　Vanishing　Marginal；　Placing　Parties　in　American　Politics；　Divided　We　Govern；　America？蒺s　Congress：　Actions　in　the　Public　Sphere；　James　Madison　through　Newt　Gingrich；　and　Electoral　Realignments：　A　Critique　of　an　American　Genre。

C：　 Regarding　social　science　research；　what　are　the　characteristics　of　good　research？

D：　 It’s　hard　to　answer　this　question　without　being　boring。　It　should　be　innovative。　There　is　no　point　to　do　something　that　people　have　already　done　a　lot　before。　It　has　an　interesting　question　to　ask。　It　should　be　sound　and　well…done　and　of　course　it　is　well…written　or　people　won’t　read　it。

C：　 How　would　you　weigh　the　importance　of　forming　good　research　questions　versus　developing　good　research　methodologies？

D：　 Both　are　important　but　if　you　don’t　have　an　interesting　and　good　question；　you　might　start　at　a　wrong　point。　The　problem　of　social　science　research　in　the　；　too　narrow　to　be　interesting。　There　is　a　large　range　of　interesting　questions　to　explore。

C：　 I　think　the　definition　of　a　good　research　is　different　for　undergraduates　and　graduates。

D：　 For　；　we　tell　them　you　are　writing　a　book。　The　dissertation　should　be　movable　to　a　book。　Some　publishers　told　me　that　two　departments　are　well…known　among　publishers　for　generating　dissertation　books；　Chicago　and　Yale。　A　dissertation　book　is　often　narrower　than　what　will　e　ten　years　later　because　it　is　the　first　book　and　it　is　not　famous　or　sound　or　important　as　the　books　we　often　see。　Nevertheless；　a　dissertation　book　should　be　reasonably　broad；　in